Introduction to Android

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5th February, 2023

What is Android?

Android is a popular Linux based open source operating system used in mobile phones, tables, smart watches and smart TVs.

  • Android Inc. was founded in October 2003 by Andy Rubin, Rich Minor, Nick Sears and Chris White.
  • Google acquired Android Inc. in 2005. and acquired its key employees.
  • The first beta version of the Android Software Development Kit (SDK) was released by Google in 2007, where as the first commercial version. Android 1.0 was released in September 2008.
  • Anyone can customize the Android platforms.
  • It is primarily used for touchscreen devices, cell phones, and tablets.
  • It is occupied approximately 71% of shares in the worldwide mobile operating system market by 2022.
  • Play Store or Google Play Store is a digital marketplace for distributing android applications. This service is developed and operated by Google.
  • Android applications are usually developed in Java and Kotlin language using the Android Software Development Kit.
  • Android Studio is the official integrated development environment (IDE) used to develop Android applications. Android Studio is based on IntelliJ IDEA.

Key Features

Sr. No. Features Description
1 Connectivity GPS, GSM/EDGE, IDEN, CDMA, Bluetooth, WI-FI, EDGE,3G,NFC, LTE
2 Beautiful User Interface (UI) Android OS provides beautiful and user friendly User Interface (UI) which enhances user interaction.
3 Storage SQLite, Room Database
4 Media support H.263, H.264, MPEG-4 SP, AMR, AMR-WB, AAC, HE-AAC, AAC 5.1, MP3, MIDI, Ogg Vorbis, WAV, JPEG, PNG, GIF, and BMP.
5 Messaging SMS, MMS, C2DM (could to device messaging), GCM (Google could messaging)
6 Multitasking You can perform multiple tasks simultaneously
7 Multitouch Android provides multi-touch feature.

Android Version

Name Version API Level Release Date
Android 1.0 1 1 September 23, 2008
Android 1.1 1.1 2 February 9, 2009
Android Cupcake 1.5 3 April 27, 2009
Android Donut 1.6 4 September 15, 2009
Android Eclair 2 5 October 27, 2009
  2.0.1 6 December 3, 2009
  2.1 7 January 11, 2010
Android Froyo 2.2 – 2.2.3 8 May 20, 2010
Android Gingerbread 2.3 – 2.3.2 9 December 6, 2010
  2.3.3 – 2.3.7 10 February 9, 2011
Android Honeycomb 3 11 February 22, 2011
  3.1 12 May 10, 2011
  3.2 – 3.2.6 13 July 15, 2011
Android Ice Cream Sandwich 4.0 – 4.0.2 14 October 18, 2011
  4.0.3 – 4.0.4 15 December 16, 2011
Android Jelly Bean 4.1 – 4.1.2 16 July 9, 2012
  4.2 – 4.2.2 17 November 13, 2012
  4.3 – 4.3.1 18 July 24, 2013
Android KitKat 4.4 – 4.4.4 19 October 31, 2013
  4.4W – 4.4W.2 20 June 25, 2014
Android Lollipop 5.0 – 5.0.2 21 November 4, 2014
  5.1 – 5.1.1 22 March 2, 2015
Android Marshmallow 6.0 – 6.0.1 23 October 2, 2015
Android Nougat 7 24 August 22, 2016
  7.1 – 7.1.2 25 October 4, 2016
Android Oreo 8 26 August 21, 2017
  8.1 27 December 5, 2017
Android Pie 9 28 August 6, 2018
Android 10 10 29 September 3, 2019
Android 11 11 30 September 8, 2020
Android 12 12 31 October 4, 2021
Android 12L 12.1 32 March 7, 2022
Android 13 13 33 August 15, 2022
Android 14 14 34 Upcoming

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